Morphologically, the agarwood tree reaches a height of 40 m with a trunk diameter of 80 cm. The agarwood plant has been known in Indonesia since the 1200s. However, agarwood exports only began in 1981–1925. Now, agarwood has become one of the plantation commodities that is in demand because of its high economic value. Indonesia has several types of agarwood-producing trees spread across several regions. The following are several types of agarwood trees.
The height of these three agarwood trees reaches 40 m with a diameter of 80 cm. Trees can thrive at land altitudes of 0–750 m above sea level, temperatures of 32°C, humidity of 70%, and rainfall of 2,000 mm/year. A. malac censis is distributed in Sumatra and Kalimantan. A. hira ta is distributed in Sumatra. Meanwhile, A. agallocha is spread across Sumatra, Java and Kalimantan.
This tree can grow up to 35 m tall with a diameter of 70 cm. Plants are spread across Kalimantan, Sumatra and Nusa Tenggara.
This tree is spread across Sumatra and Kalimantan, grows well in areas with altitudes up to 850 m above sea level, and dry climates with rainfall of 1,500 mm/year.
This tree is spread across Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Irian Jaya (Papua). The tree reaches a height of 15–18 m with a diameter of 50 cm, grows well in swamp areas at an altitude of 150 m above sea level, and has a dry climate with rainfall of 1,000 mm/year.
This tree is spread across Kalimantan, Papua and Maluku. The tree reaches a height of 15 m with a diameter of 25–75 cm, the bark is grayish, and has white gum. The tree grows well in dry, sandy land with rainfall of 1,400 mm/year.
This plant is spread across Sumatra, Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. E. malac censis is a type of liana (climbing) plant with a length of up to 30 m and a diameter of 10 cm. The stem of the plant is reddish, has branches, and has a hook.
This tree is spread across Sumatra and Kalimantan. D. parviflora is also a liana (climbing) plant and belongs to the Leguminoceae family.